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Scientific model guide

Virtual Cell and Perturbation AI Models

Virtual-cell predictions are highly sensitive to cell type, tissue, dose, time and experimental context. BioAtlas separates representation learning from perturbation prediction and experimental validation.

Curated model passports

17 relevant BioAtlas records.

Small-Molecule & Chemistry

Schrödinger Platform

Physics-based simulation, now fused with machine learning.

Evidence1/7 evidence fields documented
AccessProprietary
ComputeCPU/GPU / commercial platform
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
Genomics, DNA & RNA

Geneformer

A transfer-learning foundation model of gene networks.

Evidence2/7 evidence fields documented
AccessOpen source
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
Genomics, DNA & RNA

BigRNA

An RNA foundation model for oligonucleotide therapeutics.

Evidence1/7 evidence fields documented
AccessProprietary
ComputeVendor managed
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
Virtual Cells & Single-Cell

State / Stack

The first virtual-cell model predicting how cells react to drugs.

Evidence4/7 evidence fields documented
AccessOpen source
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkPerturbation prediction datasets
Open evidence passport →
Virtual Cells & Single-Cell

scGPT

A GPT for the language of single cells.

Evidence4/7 evidence fields documented
AccessOpen source
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkSingle-cell downstream tasks
Open evidence passport →
Virtual Cells & Single-Cell

scFoundation

A 100M-parameter model of ~20,000 genes at once.

Evidence2/7 evidence fields documented
AccessOpen source
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
AI-Native Discovery Cos.

Xaira Therapeutics

A $1B+ launch fusing Baker-lab design with drug development.

Evidence1/7 evidence fields documented
AccessProprietary
ComputeVendor managed
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
AI-Native Discovery Cos.

insitro

Machine-learning-driven biology for drug discovery.

Evidence1/7 evidence fields documented
AccessProprietary
ComputeVendor managed
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
Genomics, DNA & RNA

Borzoi

DNA-to-RNA regulatory modelling across cell and tissue contexts.

Evidence4/7 evidence fields documented
AccessOpen source
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkFunctional-genomics and RNA-seq evaluations
Open evidence passport →
Virtual Cells & Single-Cell

TranscriptFormer

Cross-species transcriptomic foundation modelling for cell representation and generation.

Evidence1/7 evidence fields documented
AccessOpen source
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
Virtual Cells & Single-Cell

SCimilarity

A cell-atlas foundation model for scalable similarity search across expression states.

Evidence3/7 evidence fields documented
AccessOpen source
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
Spatial & Tissue Systems

Nicheformer

Foundation modelling for cells with tissue-neighborhood and spatial context.

Evidence1/7 evidence fields documented
AccessLimited open access
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
Spatial & Tissue Systems

Novae

Graph-native representation learning for spatial transcriptomics domains and niches.

Evidence1/7 evidence fields documented
AccessOpen source
ComputeGPU recommended
BenchmarkNot yet curated
Open evidence passport →
How to interpret this topic

Choose by context of use.

Inputs matter

Sequence, structure, ligand, assay and single-cell inputs imply different data-quality and preprocessing assumptions.

Outputs are not interchangeable

A predicted pose, confidence score, affinity estimate, generated sequence and perturbation profile support different decisions.

Benchmarks are protocol-bound

Claims should only be compared when task, dataset, split, metric and evaluation protocol genuinely align.

Validation remains external

BioAtlas records evidence boundaries; prospective scientific and experimental validation is still required for consequential use.